Vitamin K deficiency can lead to various health issues, primarily affecting blood clotting and bone health. The signs and symptoms of vitamin K deficiency may include:

Easy Bruising: Vitamin K plays a vital role in the production of clotting factors, which help in blood coagulation. Insufficient vitamin K can result in easy bruising or excessive bleeding from minor cuts or injuries.

Excessive Bleeding: Severe vitamin K deficiency can lead to spontaneous bleeding, such as nosebleeds, gastrointestinal bleeding, or heavy menstrual bleeding.

Prolonged Bleeding Time: Individuals with vitamin K deficiency may have an extended time for blood to clot, resulting in prolonged bleeding.

Osteoporosis or Weakened Bones: Vitamin K is involved in the regulation of calcium and bone metabolism. Deficiency of this vitamin can contribute to weakened bones and an increased risk of osteoporosis.

Inadequate Dietary Intake: A diet consistently low in vitamin K-rich foods can contribute to a deficiency. This can be more common in individuals who have restrictive diets or poor nutritional intake.

Malabsorption: Certain medical conditions that affect fat absorption, such as celiac disease, Crohn's disease, cystic fibrosis, or biliary obstruction, can lead to impaired absorption of fat-soluble vitamins like vitamin K.

Medications and Medical Procedures: Some medications, such as certain antibiotics, anticoagulants (blood thinners), or medications that reduce fat absorption, can interfere with vitamin K metabolism. Additionally, certain surgical procedures that involve the removal or alteration of the gastrointestinal tract can affect vitamin K absorption.

To increase vitamin K intake, it is beneficial to include foods that are good sources of this vitamin in your diet. Some vitamin K-rich foods include:

Leafy Greens: Spinach, kale, collard greens, Swiss chard, and other dark, leafy greens are excellent sources of vitamin K.

Cruciferous Vegetables: Broccoli, Brussels sprouts, cabbage, and cauliflower also contain significant amounts of vitamin K.

Herbs: Fresh herbs like parsley, basil, cilantro, and sage are good sources of vitamin K.

Green Vegetables: Green peas, green beans, asparagus, and green peppers provide moderate amounts of vitamin K.

Vegetable Oils: Certain vegetable oils, such as soybean oil and canola oil, contain vitamin K.

Class 6 disorders of nutrition, as per the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), do not specifically include diseases caused by vitamin K deficiency. However, vitamin K deficiency can contribute to various health conditions related to impaired blood clotting and bone health. These may include:

Hemorrhagic Disease of the Newborn: Infants born with inadequate vitamin K stores are at risk of developing bleeding disorders shortly after birth.

Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding (VKDB): VKDB can occur in individuals of all ages who have insufficient vitamin K levels. This can result in excessive bleeding and may require medical intervention.

Osteoporosis: Vitamin K deficiency can contribute to weakened bones, leading to an increased risk of osteoporosis.

It is important to note that a severe deficiency of vitamin K is relatively rare but can have significant health consequences. If you suspect a deficiency or have concerns about your vitamin K intake, consulting with a healthcare professional is advisable. They can assess your specific situation, conduct necessary tests, and provide appropriate guidance or supplementation if needed.