The recommended vaccination chart for babies in India includes several vaccines, some of which are given as a single dose and others are given in a series of doses over several months. Discover the Complete Baby Vaccination Chart with Price List in India.
Exploring the World of Vaccines
Vaccines, those remarkable biological agents, stand as one of the most remarkable and cost-effective ways to fortify a child's immunity against a broad array of infectious diseases.
The history of vaccines is dotted with triumphant victories against deadly diseases. Smallpox, a once-feared scourge, has been completely wiped out. More recently, vaccines have played a pivotal role in the global campaign to eliminate polio and combat neonatal and maternal tetanus in India, sparing millions from these cruel afflictions.
The Significance of Vaccination
Vaccination isn't just a medical procedure; it's a shield that ensures a child's survival and paves the way for a healthy, untroubled childhood. By reducing infant mortality rates and preventing debilitating diseases, vaccines lessen the heavy burden of illness on families. Every parent knows that safeguarding their child's health is paramount, and vaccines offer a simple yet potent way to achieve just that.
Unpacking the Mechanism
But how do vaccines work their magic? These remarkable agents provoke a well-orchestrated response from your body by introducing a harmless part of the disease-causing agent or a weakened form of it. This exposure triggers your immune system to muster a defense against the disease without causing illness. What's even more fascinating is the immune system's capacity for "immune memory." It remembers the disease-causing agent so that if you encounter the actual disease in the future, your body is primed to launch a swift counterattack.
Vaccination in India
India has made commendable strides in immunizing its newborns over the past two decades. Government initiatives, subsidized vaccines, free vaccination programs, and robust awareness campaigns have significantly bolstered preventive healthcare for children across the nation.
Nevertheless, the journey towards comprehensive immunization in India is far from over. Startling statistics underscore the work that lies ahead:
UNICEF reports that only 65% of infants receive complete immunization during their first year of life.
Tragically, India witnesses nearly one million child deaths before their fifth birthday.
Pneumonia and diarrhea, the two leading infectious causes of child mortality, claim one in every four young lives. However, many of these tragic losses can be averted through vaccines, breastfeeding, and access to healthcare.
According to WHO, a staggering 22 million children in India miss out on proper and complete vaccine schedules, and this number keeps growing.
To address this pressing issue, the Government of India, in tandem with the Indian Academy of Pediatrics, has meticulously crafted Immunization Schedules backed by years of research. These schedules outline precisely when each vaccine should be administered, emphasizing the critical importance of timely vaccinations.
The National Immunization Schedule, a flagship initiative by the Government of India, ensures that these vaccines are available free of cost across the nation. This schedule represents the essential vaccines that every child must receive, forming a crucial defense against a multitude of diseases.
Some of the key vaccines included in the vaccination chart for babies in India are:
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine: This vaccine is given to prevent tuberculosis and is usually given within the first year of a baby's life.
Hepatitis B vaccine: This vaccine is given to protect against Hepatitis B and is usually given as a series of three doses, with the first dose given at birth and the next two doses given at 1 and 6 months of age.
Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis (DTP) vaccine: This vaccine is given to protect against diphtheria, tetanus, and whooping cough and is usually given as a series of three doses, with the first dose given at 6 weeks of age and the next two doses given at 10 and 14 weeks of age.
Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine: This vaccine is given to protect against Haemophilus influenzae, a bacteria that can cause meningitis and other serious infections. It is usually given as a series of three doses, with the first dose given at 6 weeks of age and the next two doses given at 10 and 14 weeks of age.
Polio vaccine: This vaccine is given to protect against polio and is usually given as a series of four doses, with the first dose given at 6 weeks of age and the next three doses given at 10, 14, and 9-12 months of age.
Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccine: This vaccine is given to protect against measles, mumps, and rubella and is usually given as a single dose at 9-12 months of age.
Varicella (Chickenpox) vaccine: This vaccine is given to protect against chickenpox and is usually given as a single dose at 9-12 months of age.
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV): This vaccine is given to protect against pneumococcal infections, including meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis. It is usually given as a series of three doses, with the first dose given at 6 weeks of age and the next two doses given at 10 and 14 weeks of age.
Rotavirus vaccine: This vaccine is given to protect against rotavirus, a virus that causes severe diarrhea and is the leading cause of death from diarrhea among infants and young children. It is usually given as a series of two doses, with the first dose given at 6-8 weeks of age and the second dose given at 10-12 weeks of age.
The below mention details referred from the hospital vaccination card and it has mentioned all the important schedule for vaccination.
It is important to note that the vaccination chart for babies in India may vary depending on the specific needs of the baby, as well as local health guidelines. Parents should speak with their pediatrician to determine the most appropriate vaccine schedule for their baby.
Other Vaccination for Infants:
Vaccination for Children:
Vaccination for Pregnant Women:
Understanding Vaccination Schedules:
Timing Matters: One of the key aspects of vaccination is timing. Give TT-2 or booster doses before 36 weeks of pregnancy, even if you've crossed that milestone. If a woman is in labor and hasn't received TT, administer it.
JE Vaccine: In specific endemic districts, JE vaccine campaigns are introduced, contributing to regional health improvements.
Vitamin A Supplementation: For children aged 1 to 5 years, the 2nd to 9th doses of Vitamin A can be administered biannually, in partnership with ICDS.
Phased Introduction: Different states have phased introductions of vaccines. For example, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Orissa initiated in 2016, expanding to Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Rajasthan, and Tripura in February 2017. Further expansions are planned for Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh in 2017. Additionally, some states like Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Goa, Lakshadweep, and Puducherry have ongoing phased introductions.
The Indian Academy Of Pediatrics Schedule (IAP):
The IAP schedule encompasses vaccines recommended by the National Immunization Schedule (NIS) and additional vaccines available in the country. These include the influenza vaccine, a quadrivalent conjugate meningococcal vaccine, and others.
Understanding Vaccine Immunity:
Vaccines work differently; some offer lifelong immunity in a single dose, while others require multiple doses at specific intervals to build immunity. No vaccine is 100% efficient, but they have been remarkably successful in preventing diseases and their severe forms.
Preparing for Vaccination:
Before you head to your child's vaccination appointment, consider the following:
Carry your baby's vaccination record and keep it updated.
Inform your doctor about any pre-existing illnesses or past vaccination issues.
Your doctor may recommend monitoring for about 30 minutes post-vaccination.
Be prepared for possible local reactions (redness, pain, mild fever) at the injection site; these usually resolve quickly.
Continue breastfeeding or providing complementary feeds after vaccination.
Vaccine Side Effects and Myths:
While most vaccines are safe, some can have side effects. It's essential to discuss potential side effects with your doctor and stay informed.
Beware of vaccination myths and rumors. False information can lead to incomplete vaccinations and community health risks. Debunked myths, such as vaccines causing autism or impotence, have no scientific basis.
A Positive Vaccination Experience:
Lastly, maintain a positive atmosphere during vaccination visits. Avoid using vaccines or doctor visits as a form of punishment. Ensure your child's comfort during the process, making it as stress-free as possible.
Some other vaccines you could be interested to know about:
Men A – It is a vaccine against meningococcal infections and is recommended in immune compromised children or when there is a disease outbreak in the community; single dose above the age of one year.
FLU – Influenza vaccine against influenza virus infections (FLU, H1N1 Swine Flu) – 2 doses after 6 months of age at 1 month interval, then yearly. Price ranges around Rs.700 to Rs.1300 per dose. FLU vaccine is available from Sanofi India Ltd in tow variants – one is 0.25 ml Vaxigrip Paediatric Injection at price of Rs.805 and the other is 0.5 ml Vaxigrip Adult Injection for Rs.885. Flu vaccines from some other brands are:
Nasovac-S – Rs.800 – Cipla Ltd
VaxiFlu – Rs.1040 – Zydus Cadila
Influgen Rs.790 – Lupin Ltd
Influvac – Rs.810 – Abbott
For your reference:
MMR = Measles, Mumps, Rubella Vaccine
PCV = Pneumococcal Vaccine
Varicella = Chicken Pox
IPV = Injectable Polio Vaccine
OPV = Oral polio Vaccine (oral polio drops, also given in “Pulse Polio Programme” in India )
HepA = Hepatitis A
HepB = Hepatitis B
BCG – Bacillus Calmette–Guérin vaccine against tuberculosis.
A: Immunization is the process of delivering vaccines to the body to protect it from infectious diseases. The immune system is stimulated by vaccinations to build immunity against particular diseases, preparing the body to fight them off in the future.
When should vaccines start, and what happens if a youngster arrives late?
A: According to the advised vaccination schedule, shots should be started when the infant is 1 1/2 months old. A youngster should still receive all the advised doses of immunizations even if they arrive late for the appointment. If at all possible, the entire vaccine program should be finished by the age of one year.
What possible negative consequences might vaccines have?
A: After immunization, only a small percentage of newborns and kids may develop negative effects. For instance, following a DPT injection, mild fever and soreness may develop, whereas following a measles injection, measles-like rashes may manifest. Although severe reactions and allergies are uncommon, emergency medical treatment should be sought if a child experiences a high fever or loses consciousness.
If a child misses some doses of their vaccine course, does the complete course need to be repeated?
A: No, it is not necessary to redo the entire course if there is a minor delay in administering some doses. It's crucial to keep getting your shots on time and finish the series as soon as possible.
Do there exist any justifications for not immunizing a child?
A: There aren't many justifications for not immunizing a youngster. In most cases, common ailments like the flu or diarrhea do not prevent immunization. The use of pharmaceuticals that influence the immune system or specific situations such a high fever, severe reactions to past vaccinations, severe reactions after eating eggs, convulsions, ongoing cancer treatment, immune system abnormalities, or convulsions should be discussed with a doctor.
How can we be certain that immunizations are safe?
A: Before being used in routine immunization programs, vaccines are put through a rigorous testing process to ensure their safety. Even after their introduction, they are continually observed, and if any safety issues are found, appropriate action is taken. Unsafe vaccines are not administered.
Why is the left upper arm used for the BCG vaccination?
A: To keep vaccination procedures uniform and make it easier for surveyors to confirm vaccination, the BCG vaccine is given under the left upper arm.
How old must a child be to receive the oral polio vaccine (OPV)?
A: Up until the age of five, children can receive OPV.
Can vaccinations be administered along with the DPT booster dose?
A: Yes, the DPT booster dosage can be administered along with other vaccines such the OPV and vitamin A.
How old may a child take the vaccine if they were unable to receive the recommended doses in the past?
A: While OPV can be given to children up until age 5, the DPT vaccine can be given up until age 2. The last doses required to finish the series should be given if a child has taken prior doses but hasn't followed the schedule.
What happens if a youngster between the ages of 2 and 5 who has never received a vaccination is brought in?
A: Two doses of DT with OPV and one dose of the measles vaccine can be administered to children between the ages of 2 and 5 who have not yet had any vaccinations.
Aside from taking vitamin A supplements, how else can we prevent vitamin A deficiency?
A: Early and exclusive breastfeeding, regular eating of yellow and orange fruits and vegetables, milk consumption, and other nutrient-rich foods are all examples of preventive actions.
If a child is brought in at the age of nine months, can they receive all of their required vaccinations on the same day?
A: All required vaccinations can be given at once, but they must be given at distinct injection locations and with different syringes. It is safe to administer vitamin A, BCG, DPT, Hepatitis B, OPV, and the measles vaccine together.
Q: What are TT-2 and Booster doses, and when should they be given?
A: TT-2 and booster doses are essential to protect against tetanus during pregnancy. Ideally, give them before 36 weeks, but if you've crossed that point, don't worry—give them anyway. TT is also recommended for women in labor if they haven't received it earlier.
Q: I've heard about JE vaccines; can you explain more?
A: JE (Japanese Encephalitis) vaccines are introduced in certain districts where the disease is endemic. These initiatives significantly improve regional health by preventing JE, a mosquito-borne viral illness.
Q: What's the deal with Vitamin A supplementation for children?
A: The 2nd to 9th doses of Vitamin A can be administered to children aged 1 to 5 years during biannual rounds, often in collaboration with the Integrated Child Development Services (ICDS). This boosts children's immunity and overall health.
Q: How is the introduction of vaccines phased in different states?
A: Vaccination schedules can vary by state. For example, Andhra Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, and Orissa started in 2016 and expanded to Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Rajasthan, and Tripura in February 2017. Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh are planned for 2017. Some states like Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, Goa, Lakshadweep, and Puducherry already have phased introductions in progress.
Q: What is the Indian Academy Of Pediatrics Schedule (IAP) for vaccines?
A: The IAP schedule covers vaccines recommended by the National Immunization Schedule (NIS) and includes additional vaccines available in the country. These can include the influenza vaccine, a meningococcal vaccine, and more.
Q: Do vaccines provide lifelong immunity?
A: Not all vaccines work the same way. Some offer lifelong immunity with a single dose, while others require multiple doses at specific intervals to build immunity. No vaccine guarantees 100% protection, but they have been highly successful in preventing diseases.
Q: What should I do before my child's vaccination appointment?
A: Always bring your child's vaccination record and keep it updated.
Inform your doctor about any pre-existing illnesses or past vaccination issues.
Be prepared for possible local reactions like redness, pain, or mild fever at the injection site. These are usually temporary.
Continue breastfeeding or complementary feeds after vaccination.
Q: Are there any side effects of vaccines I should know about?
A: Most vaccines are safe, but some may have side effects. It's crucial to discuss potential side effects with your doctor and stay informed about what to expect.
Q: I've heard about vaccination myths; how can I distinguish fact from fiction?
A: Vaccination myths, like vaccines causing autism or impotence, are not based on scientific evidence. They can harm vaccination efforts. It's essential to rely on credible sources and consult your doctor for accurate information.
Q: How can I ensure a positive vaccination experience for my child?
A: Maintain a positive atmosphere during vaccination visits. Avoid using vaccines or doctor visits as punishment. Ensure your child's comfort during the process, making it as stress-free as possible.
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